Différences d’origine et origine des différences : les résultats scolaires des enfants d’émigrés/immigrés en France
Mathieu Ichou : » Différences d’origine et origine des différences : les résultats scolaires des enfants d’émigrés/immigrés en France du début de l’école primaire à la fin du collège » Revue française de sociologie, vol.54 n°1, 2013, p.5-52
Abstract
Different origins and the origin of differences : the academic achievement of children of emigrants/immigrants in France from the start of primary school through the end of middle school.
On the basis of data from two quantitative studies, the National Education Ministry’s « 1997 Panel » (N= 9 641) and Ined’s « Trajectories and origins » (N= 21 761), this article aims to describe and empirically interpret differences in academic achievement between children of natives and children of immigrants and within the latter group as they develop over the entire course of compulsory schooling in France. The article contributes to the sociology of academic inequality in four ways : the use of precise categories of origin, which brings to light the degree of academic heterogeneity within the « second generation » ; the use of exact matching, which allows one to avoid the assumption that social characteristics have a uniform effect on academic achievement in all groups ; the study of the early formation of academic inequalities starting from the first year of primary school ; the interpretation of academic achievement differentials that takes into account immigrants’ pre-migration social characteristics.
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