Forecasting is based on applied knowledge, grounded in the various branches of hard sciences or social sciences. The knowledge of forecasting is of two sorts. It either comes from a specific existing discipline or it is grounded on a theory of anticipations that crosses the boundaries of established academic disciplines.

Boston University Pardee Center
Copenhagen Institute for Future Studies
The Institute for Alternative Futures
The International Institute of Forecasters
Finland Futures Research Center
Institute for Ethics & Emerging Technologies
The Manchester Institution of Innovation Research
The Millenium Project
Oxford Future of Humanity Institute
Transcend Research Institute
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
The World Future Society
The World Policy Institute (former Institute for World Order)